Mitochondrial DNA and the Peopling of the New World

Genetic variations among Native Americans provide further clues to who first populated the Americas and when they arrived

Anthropology Genetics History Of Civilization

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May-June 2000

Volume 88, Number 3
Page 246

DOI: 10.1511/2000.23.246

On the eve of Christopher Columbus's arrival on San Salvador (now part of the Bahamas) in 1492, there were perhaps several tens of millions of people inhabiting the Americas. Once it became evident that the inhabitants of this New World were not, in fact, East Indians (as Columbus had at first supposed), the existence of the Native American population became a huge puzzle to the Renaissance Europeans.

Except where noted, all photographs from the National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

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