Amphibian Decline and Emerging Disease

By Joe Kiesecker, Lisa Belden, Katriona Shea, Michael Rubbo

What can sick frogs teach us about new and resurgent diseases in human populations and other species of wildlife?

Environment Medicine Policy Microbiology Nature Conservation

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March-April 2004

Volume 92, Number 2
Page 138

DOI: 10.1511/2004.46.138

Frog 1: length 45 mm. There is a shortened left leg that is twisted at the knee. It also does not appear to have a knee joint.

Frog 2: length 39 mm. The left rear leg on this frog is missing. There are no knobby traces of an underdeveloped leg that was found on other frogs. The right leg is bent the wrong way. It also has two bone growths coming out of the [frog's] back.

Frog 3: length 45 mm. The only thing wrong with this frog is that there is a bony projection coming from [its] butt.

Photograph courtesy of Joseph M. Kiesecker, Lisa K. Belden, Katriona Shea and Michael J. Rubbo.

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